Recession warnings are everywhere, except in the data

A person pushes a shopping cart outside a Costco on 117th Street in New York, on April 8, 2025. Mainstream measures have been slow to detect the impact of tariffs and uncertainty, leaving economists to scour earnings calls and private-sector data sources. (Graham Dickie/The New York Times) GRAHAM DICKIE NYT

By Ben Casselman and Colby Smith NYT News Service/Syndicate Stories

Americans are spending less at McDonald’s. Fewer container ships are expected at the Port of Los Angeles. Procter & Gamble is raising prices. Mattel is shifting production out of China.

Evidence for the economic impact of President Donald Trump’s trade wars is everywhere — except, for the most part, in economic data itself. Consumer spending hasn’t fallen. Layoffs haven’t risen. Businesses haven’t stopped investing in equipment or buying supplies.

Economists say it is a matter of time before the impact of tariffs and the uncertainty that Trump’s on-again, off-again approach to trade policy has created begin to show up in the hard data. But until then, they are left sifting through crumbs of evidence that wouldn’t get a second glance in more normal times: customs revenue, hotel bookings in Las Vegas, freight shipments by truck and rail.

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